The utility model relates to a supporting and traveling system for heavy transportation machinery, which belongs to the field of heavy transportation equipment. According to the design, the supporting and traveling system comprises a hydraulic control system and a supporting and travelling trolley, wherein the supporting and travelling trolley comprises a roller trolley, an oil cylinder, a jacking base and a support base, a sleeve at the upper part of the jacking base is sheathed on an inner chamber of the support base and is in sliding fit with the inner chamber of the support base, the oil cylinder is arranged in the sleeve at the upper part of the jacking base, the free end of the oil cylinder extends to abut against the jacking base, the fixed end of the oil cylinder is connected with the top of the support base, and a lower ball head of the jack base is hinged with a spherical hinge base on the top of the roller trolley. Supporting and traveling trolleys are orderly arranged on and connected to the bottom of a lower beam of the heavy transportation machinery by support bases so as to support the heavy transportation machinery and make the heavy transportation machinery travel. The supporting and traveling system with the design can sufficiently utilize the advantage of large bearing capacity of the roller trolley, and completely avoid the rail meshing phenomenon. A spherical hinge structure between the roller trolley and the oil cylinder can greatly reduce the influence of unbalance load to travelling rollers through releasing a degree of freedom; and the supporting and traveling system with the design can meet the requirements of different roller pressure conditions through being provided with different numbers of supporting and traveling trolleys.