The utility model relates to a vertical positioning device for a deep water steel hanging box applied in the construction of a tidal river. The vertical positioning device is characterized in that a steel hanging box (1) adopt an integrated jacket-type structure; an interlayer cavity is formed by the double-layered wall plate of the peripheral structure thereof; a well-shaped cross-span beam is arranged in the steel hanging box (1), so that a pile foundation steel protective sleeve (6) passes through the well-shaped cross-span beam; pile top reaction beams (3) are welded at the top ends of the pile foundation steel protective sleeve (6) and a temporary steel pipe pile (2); the top part of the wall plate of the steel hanging box (1) is connected with a back pressure steel beam (5); and the pile top reaction beams (3) are connected with the back pressure steel beam (5) through a positioning upright column (4); and welding stiffener plates (11) are arranged in the welded connection positions of the pile top reaction beams (3), as well as the temporary steel pipe pile (2) and pile foundation steel protective sleeve (6). The vertical positioning device has the advantages of short construction time, and high vertical positioning accuracy.