芳基取代和芳基及(3－氧代－1－丙烯基)－取代的苯并吡喃、苯并噻喃、1,2－二氢喹啉和5,6－二氢萘衍生物具有视黄醛衍生物负性激素和/或拮抗剂样的生物活性。为了预防或降低RAR兴奋剂对于所结合的受体位点的作用,本发明的RAR拮抗剂可以给予哺乳动物包括人类。尤其可以给予或与视黄醛衍生物药物共同给予所述RAR兴奋剂,以便预防或改善由视黄醛衍生物或维生素A或维生素A前体引起的毒性或副作用。所述视黄醛衍生物负性激素可用于加强其它视黄醛衍生物和核受体兴奋剂的活性。例如,视黄醛衍生物负性激素(称为AGN193109)在体外反式激活测试中有效地增加其它视黄醛衍生物和甾体激素的效力。此外,反式激活测试可以用于鉴定具有负性激素活性的化合物。这些测试方法基于负性激素下行调节设计用来加工组成性转录激活因子结构域的嵌合视黄醛衍生物受体能力。
The invention provides a compound of the formula wherein X is S, O, NR' where R' is H or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, or X is ÄC(R1)2Ün where R1 is independently H or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, and n is an integer between 0 and 2; R2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, F, Cl, Br, I, CF3, fluoro substituted alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, OH, SH, alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbons, or alkylthio of 1 to 6 carbons; R3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons or F; m is an integer having the value 0-3; o is an integer having the value 0-3; Y is a phenyl or naphthyl group, or heteroaryl selected from a group consisting of pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl and pyrrazolyl, said phenyl and heteroaryl groups being optionally substituted with one or two R2 groups; A is (CH2)q where q is 0-5, lower branched chain alkyl having 3-6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3-6 carbons, alkenyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds, alkynyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 triple bonds; B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR8, CONR9R10, -CH2OH, CH2OR11, CH2OCOR11, CHO, CH(OR12)2, CHOR13O, -COR7, CR7(OR12)2, CR7OR13O, or tri-lower alkylsilyl, where R7 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl group containing 1 to 5 carbons, R8 is an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbons or trimethylsilylalkyl where the alkyl group has 1 to 10 carbons, or a cycloalkyl group of 5 to 10 carbons, or R8 is phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R9 and R10 independently are hydrogen, an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbons, or a cycloalkyl group of 5-10 carbons, or phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R11 is lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R12 is lower alkyl, and R13 is divalent alkyl radical of 2-5 carbons, and R14 is (R15)r-phenyl, (R15)r-naphthyl, or (R15)r-heteroaryl where the heteroaryl group has 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N, r is an integer having the values of 0-5, and R15 is independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, NO2, N(R8)2, N(R8)COR8, NR8CON(R8)2, OH, OCOR8, OR8, CN, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons, fluoro substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons, an alkenyl group having 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 3 double bonds, alkynyl group having 1 to 10 carbons and 1 to 3 triple bonds, or a trialkylsilyl or trialkylsilyloxy group where the alkyl groups independently have 1 to 6 carbons; R16 is H, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; R17 is H, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, OH or OCOR11, and p is zero or 1, with the proviso that when p is 1 then there is no R17 substituent group, and m is an integer between 0 and 2.
