The present application discloses a data storage method, a device, a computer apparatus, and a readable storage medium, pertaining to the technical field of data storage. The method comprises: a node apparatus packaging similar transactions and generating a first block, and storing a block feature value representing all transaction features at a block header of the first block, such that any node apparatus is capable of learning a feature of the transactions stored in the first block on the basis of the block feature value of the first block, and the node apparatus is accordingly capable of selecting at least one target block meeting a condition by comparing a feature value of target index information against a block feature value in a block header of a block on a blockchain allocated to the node apparatus, thereby allowing a query of the at least one target block and acquisition of multiple target transactions from the at least one target block, and eliminating the need to search all blocks on a local blockchain. The invention achieves block hopping queries, thereby reducing the duration of a query and improving querying efficiency.