The invention discloses a substation anhydrous fire-fighting system based on ubiquitous Internet of Things technology. The substation anhydrous fire-fighting system comprises an Internet of Things monitoring module of fire hazard points, an intelligent elimination and fire extinguishing module of an initial fire, a power fire management platform and an anhydrous automatic fire extinguishing module, wherein the Internet of Things monitoring module of the fire hazard points is to arrange a fire detector at each fire hazard point of a substation and sets a moderate and heavy alarm threshold according to the corresponding fire characteristics; the intelligent elimination and fire extinguishing module of the initial fire comprises an inspection robot for carrying superfine dry powder and an unmanned aerial vehicle fire monitor; the fire management platform is provided with a first three-stage early warning and a fourth-stage fire extinguishing; and the anhydrous automatic fire extinguishingmodule comprises an electric charge foam spray automatic fire extinguishing unit, a fixed dry powder automatic fire extinguishing unit, a gas automatic fire extinguishing unit, an automatic fire detection pipe automatic fire extinguishing unit and an ultrafine dry powder automatic fire extinguishing unit. According to the substation anhydrous fire-fighting system, the fire fighting of the small-sized substation truly realizes "automatic monitoring, automatic calculation, automatic fire extinguishing and anhydrous fire fighting".