The invention provides a high-reliability energy storage system and an energy storage container. The energy storage system comprises a box body, wherein an equipment cavity and at least two battery cavities are formed in the box body, and at least one battery cavity is located on a first side of the equipment cavity. The invention provides an energy storage system with high reliability and an energy storage container. Electrical equipment and a battery cluster are respectively arranged in the equipment cavity and a battery cavity, the safety risk is effectively reduced, so the risk of fire isavoided, the size of a battery cabin is reduced relative to the whole box body, a front-back ventilation mode is adopted, an indoor unit can perform accurate heat dissipation of the battery cluster, the battery clusters are symmetrically arranged at two ends of an equipment cabin, short circuit of battery wiring caused by condensation is effectively avoided, so an electrical wiring distance is symmetrically shortened, line loss of a power line and a sampling line of a battery system is reduced, acquisition precision and communication stability are improved, and manufacturing and processing cost is reduced due to the standard consistent wiring harness design.