The embodiment of the invention discloses a panda face image gender identification method and a device based on deep learning. The method comprises the steps of acquiring a panda face image to be processed; performing data set division on the to-be-processed panda face image according to the panda individual to obtain a training set and a test set; performing data enhancement and preprocessing onthe test image to obtain a processing result; and based on a gender identification model of deep learning, identifying the processing result to obtain a gender identification result of the panda. According to the method of the invention, data set division is carried out on to-be-processed panda face images according to panda individuals; the data enhancement means and the basic model are reasonably selected, the targeted characteristics for distinguishing the sex of the panda can be effectively extracted, the stability of the characteristics is enhanced through normalization processing, and anew thought is provided for the problem of gender identification of the panda at present.