The invention relates to a trolley-type heating furnace capable of achieving two-flame heating and adjustable smoke discharging, and a heating temperature control method. A furnace body of the trolley-type heating furnace is of a fully-sealed structure, and the interior of the furnace body is divided into an upper heating area and a lower heating area. A combustor is composed of a plurality of pulse nozzles arranged in the upper heating area and a plurality of flame-adjustable nozzles arranged on the lower heating area. A plurality of temperature detection devices are arranged in the upper heating area, and a plurality of temperature detection devices are arranged in the lower heating area. A plurality of rows of refractory pads are arranged on a trolley and are used for carrying a to-be-heated workpiece. The flame-adjustable nozzles are correspondingly arranged on a lower furnace wall between the two rows of refractory pads. According to the trolley-type heating furnace capable of achieving two-flame heating and adjustable smoke discharging, and the heating temperature control method, the flame-adjustable nozzles and the pulse nozzles are used for realizing two-flame heating, heatis supplied alternately through upper heating and lower heating, regional control is adopted, and the smoke discharging areas on the two sides of a hearth can be adjusted, so that the uniformity of the heating temperature of the workpiece is improved while energy is saved and emission is reduced, the heating process requirements of high-grade fine steel are met, and the performance requirement for uniform heat diffusion of composite metal elements during heating of a composite steel billet is met.