The invention discloses a biological detention pond capable of removing phosphorus and removing peculiar smell. The biological detention pond comprises a detention pond main body and an air inlet system, the detention pond main body sequentially comprises a detention submerged layer, a green plant planting layer, a soil fixing layer, a deodorization filler layer, a phosphorus removal filler layerand a supporting layer from top to bottom, and the deodorization filler layer comprises a microreactor, activated sludge and zeolite; the air inlet system comprises an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with the air inlet of an air blower, and the air outlet of the air blower is communicated with the deodorization filler layer and the supporting layer through air guide pipes; and a water guide pipe is arranged in the supporting layer. The structure of the detention pond has a long hydraulic retention time and a long seepage path, and the deodorization filler area provides a largenumber of attachment sites and a proper growth environment for growth of microorganisms, so the microorganisms can be in full contact with pollutants in runoff, the pollutant retention capacity of themicroorganisms is brought into play to the maximum extent, and the phosphorus removal effect and the treatment effect of black and odorous water are effectively improved; and the biological detentionpond has the advantages of simple process, and low operation and maintenance cost.