The invention discloses a shield tunnel high polymer grouting method and a shield tunnel and belongs to the technical field of tunnels. The shield tunnel high polymer grouting method includes the following steps that S1, when a tunnel body is constructed, a void area is reserved in the circumferential face of the tunnel body, grouting holes are formed in the tunnel body, and the grouting holes extend to the void area from the interior of the tunnel body; S2, grouting pipes are arranged in the grouting holes, and the grouting pipes extend in the void area from the interior of the tunnel body; and S3, grouting is conducted, at least two kinds of liquid high polymers are injected into the void area through the grouting pipes, all the high polymers are reacted and expand in the void area to bein a solid state, and the void area is filled. The various high polymers are reacted and expand so that the void area can be filled, and effective shock prevention and seepage prevention, subsequentmaintenance and the like can be conducted on the shield tunnel and are very convenient.