The invention discloses a metallographic sample preparation and display method for an aluminum-silicon coated steel plate. The metallographic sample preparation and display method comprises the following steps of: step (1). preparing a sample, to be specific, taking an aluminum-silicon coated steel plate, wherein the size of the sample is not limited; uniformly spraying a polishing agent having the thickness of 2.5-7.5 micrometers on the surface of the aluminum-silicon plate, then polishing the surface of a coating, spraying a polishing agent once, polishing 20 to 30 times in one direction till the polishing agent on the surface is dry, spraying the polishing agent again, and continuously polishing 900 to 1100 times until flat indentations on the surface disappear; step (2). performing chemical corrosion, to be specific, corroding by using mixed liquor of HF, HNO3, and 1% of NaCl aqueous solution, wherein the corrosion time is 1 to 8 seconds; and after corrosion, washing by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying by using a hair dryer; and step (3). performing microscopic examination, to be specific, observing the sample under a ZISS metallographic microscope. The metallographic sample preparation and display method can clearly display the form, proportion and size of each phase in the coating, evaluates the proportion of each phase in the aluminum-silicon coating, and has thecharacteristics of low detection and analysis cost, speediness and simplicity.