The invention relates to a chain grate heat supply system and method suitable for iron concentrate production. The system comprises a water cooling separation wall I arranged between an air blowing drying section and an exhaust drying section, a water cooling separation wall II arranged between the exhaust drying section and a chain grate preheating section I, and a water cooling separation wall III arranged between the chain grate preheating section I and a chain grate preheating section II. The system is characterized in that a heat supply mechanism I for supplying heat to the air blowing drying section is arranged in the water cooling separation wall I; a heat supply mechanism II for supplying the heat to the chain grate preheating section I is arranged in the water cooling separation wall II; and a heat supply mechanism III for supplying the heat in the chain grate preheating section II is arranged in the water cooling separation wall III. The novel heat supply method not only cansupply the heat to an upper cover of the air blowing drying section through an internal heat supply nozzle under the condition of not losing the exhaust drying section or the hot air heat and the airvolume of the air blowing drying section to control the temperature in the upper cover of the air blowing drying section, but also can prevent high-temperature baking of mechanical parts of a chain grate for a long time to prolong the service life of the chain grate.