The invention relates to a rail transit vehicle overhauling simulation training system based on a virtual scene, for which a vehicle body overhauling module, a bogie overhauling model and the like arearranged according to training content. A VR immersion type virtual reality simulation technology and a 3DMax model manufacturing tool are adopted for modeling according to a next-gen standard, and constructing a real overhauling workshop based on a three-dimensional engine. A vehicle model of each module for vehicle body overhauling is built based on a model material rendering algorithm as follows: a JanVR virtual simulation engine, and a dynamic ray algorithm and a real-time shadow advanced rendering technology are adopted, a sky box algorithm is used for simulating day-night alternating transformation, and a particle control algorithm and a volume fog are used for simulating weather change, thereby increasing scene expressiveness. The bottom layer of the engine adopts OpenAL technologyto simulate three-dimensional sound, and Doppler algorithm to simulate gradual change effect of the sound. In the aspect of physical simulation, a Bullet physical engine is adopted to simulate a physical world. By compiling a simulation logic through a script editor, a change in a scene model and environment is controlled, and various interaction and dynamic effects are realized.