The invention discloses a multi-channel non-contact power supply system based on fundamental-harmonic parallel energy transmission, which comprises a primary circuit, a non-contact transformer and a secondary circuit. The primary circuit comprises an inverter circuit and a primary compensation network which are cascaded, and the primary compensation network is a multi-frequency resonance circuit.The secondary side of the non-contact transformer is wound with a main winding and one or more auxiliary windings, and the main winding and the auxiliary windings share a magnetic core. The secondarycircuit comprises a plurality of channel units, each channel unit includes a secondary compensation network and a rectifier and filter circuit which are cascaded, each secondary compensation network is composed of a resonance network and a frequency selection network, and each of the main winding and the auxiliary windings is connected with one channel unit. Each frequency selection network is used to block the passage of currents at frequencies except the resonance frequency of the channel, and the frequency selection network in each channel unit realizes the decoupling between fundamental waves and odd harmonics. The abundant harmonic energy in the non-contact system under the existing strong coupling condition is fully utilized, and the control of decoupling between fundamental waves and harmonics is realized.