The invention relates to an active mobile vehicle bottom dangerous goods detection device based on a deep learning algorithm. The system comprises an information acquisition device and an industrial personal computer. The information acquisition device is in wireless communication with the industrial personal computer. The information acquisition device comprises an industrial camera, a light supplementing lamp, a radiation sensor, a gas sensor and a wireless transmission module. The information acquisition device further comprises a mobile platform, the mobile platform comprises a motion controller, an infrared wireless module and a remote controller, and the mobile platform is controlled by the remote controller to traverse the vehicle bottom through a U-shaped route. The controller is connected with a remote controller through an infrared wireless module. An industrial camera is installed on the upper surface of a machine body of the mobile platform. Light supplementing lamps are symmetrically arranged on the machine body on the front side and the rear side of the industrial camera, and a deep learning algorithm is loaded in the industrial personal computer. The device is an active mobile detection device, that is, after parking, the mobile detection device is actively operated to enter the vehicle bottom for detection, dangerous target detection can be better achieved, andthe detection precision is high.