The invention relates to an equipment remote debugging method based on a cloud gateway in a remote operation and maintenance system. The equipment remote debugging method is characterized in that basic equipment problems are positioned through an equipment working condition remote debugging method, and then the equipment problems are solved through an equipment remote unvarnished transmission debugging method. The equipment remote debugging method has the beneficial effects that remote debugging, including working condition debugging and unvarnished transmission debugging, of industrial fieldequipment is achieved, so that equipment problems under the working condition can be positioned, and the equipment can be directly debugged through unvarnished transmission; the normalized Web clientis used for replacing some conventional upper computer adaptation software, so that the portability is improved; unified management and authentication are performed under the same account, so that themanagement efficiency is improved; a communication port function is automatically switched between an acquisition function and a debugging function, so that the operation efficiency is improved; a clear mapping relationship between a cloud gateway and a field device communication port is provided, and wrong devices and communication ports are prevented from being selected; the gateway is locked in the debugging process, so that data disorder caused by simultaneous operation of multiple persons is avoided; and the debugging process is clear and concise, and debugging efficiency is improved, and business trip maintenance is reduced, and no extra debugging device is needed, and cost is reduced.