The embodiment of the invention discloses a data analysis method and system based on an electronic report. The method comprises the following steps: establishing communication connection between a client and a cloud server; the client receiving a user operation to obtain a to-be-processed electronic report, and sending the to-be-processed report to the cloud server; the cloud server processing theto-be-processed electronic report based on pre-stored calculation logic, a key field database, a calculation index formula and an output formula to obtain a table file; and the cloud server sending the table file to an external user. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the time for data entry or formula setting of an external report user can be greatly saved, more than 95% of legal reports in mainland areas can be identified and calculated, and the universality is relatively high. Besides, due to the fact that the Internet serves as a carrier, the system has the advantages of achieving 24-hour mobile office all day long, greatly improving the data calculation requirement of an original report user, and being efficient, accurate and low in cost.