The invention relates to the technical field of oil production engineering, particularly to an anacardol phenolic resin gel profile control agent and a preparation method thereof. The anacardol phenolic resin gel profile control agent mainly solves the problems of tension resource supply and high price of phenolic resin crosslinking agent applied in gel profile control agents as well as serious damage of the raw material of phenol during synthesis of the gel profile control agents to human body and the environment. The anacardol phenolic resin gel profile control agent is composed of, by weight percentage, 0.2-0.4% of polymers, 0.2-0.3% of crosslinking agent, 0.05-0.1% of retarding enhancer, 0.05-0.1% of accelerant and water as balance, wherein the crosslinking agent is water-soluble anacardol phenolic resin, which is synthesized from anacardol and paraformaldehyde. The anacardol phenolic resin gel profile control agent has the advantages of being good in gelatinizing effects, low in pollution and cost and the like and is high in promotion and application values.