The invention discloses cold-laid asphalt mixture transportation equipment and a transportation method based on the same, and belongs to the technical filed of road building material transportation. The cold-laid asphalt mixture transportation equipment comprises a dump truck, a compartment and a water curtain system; and the compartment is arranged on the dump truck and comprises a plurality of drawer-type material boxes and a gate. By arranging the water curtain system at a gap between the dump truck and the compartment, when the dump truck advances, wind is formed by relative movement of air and the compartment and flows to the water curtain system through a wind duct, thus water is brought to cold-laid asphalt mixtures in the drawer-type material boxes, thus the cold-laid asphalt mixtures are kept in a moisten state in the transportation process, and thus material performance of the cold-laid asphalt mixtures is maintained; and by utilizing the multiple drawer-type material boxes,segregation and caking of the cold-laid asphalt mixtures due to excessively-high stacking can be prevented. When the cold-laid asphalt mixture transportation equipment transports, wind energy formed by vehicle traveling can be utilized, and energy sources are saved; and filling, pulling-out and pushing-in of the drawer-type material boxes are easy, convenient and easy to implement.