The invention discloses a power backbone communication network node importance identification method. The power backbone communication network node importance identification method comprises the following steps: constructing a network node difference matrix based on a power backbone communication network topological structure in combination with complex network heterogeneity; constructing a network link difference matrix by taking the link traffic as the weight of the link according to the characteristics of the communication service; and by comprehensively considering the network node difference and the link difference, constructing a network heterogeneity matrix, and calculating the node importance degree through the heterogeneity matrix. According to the power backbone communication network node importance identification method, the degrees of the nodes and the contribution of degree distribution to the network are considered; meanwhile, the service flow borne by the link connectedwith the communication node is fused; the contribution of the service to the importance degree of the node is reflected; and the algorithm involved in the method is simple in calculation form, low incomplexity and capable of well adapting to node importance degree identification of the large-scale electric power backbone communication network.