The invention provides a fault processing method and system for an overhead-cable hybrid line. According to the invention, when there is a fault in the overhead line-cable hybrid line with preset safety protection configuration, a strategy corresponding to the short-circuit current resistance of the faulty line is selected from pre-constructed fault processing strategies in allusion to the short-circuit current resistance of the overhead-cable hybrid line, wherein the safety protection configuration and fault processing strategies are configured based on the short-circuit current resistance ofa cable line and a main transformer. The method and system take into account of the difference of short-circuit current resistance of the main transformer and the cable line in a distribution network, carry out different safety protection configurations, effectively distinguish permanent faults and instantaneous faults by reasonably utilizing the advantages of distributed processing and centralized intelligent processing through the cooperation of relay protection and reclosing, and quickly realize the minimum range of fault isolation and the maximum range of power supply recovery.