The invention discloses an anti-seismic design method for overhead pipeline of an oil and gas transmission shield tunnel, which comprises the following steps of: arranging pipeline concrete buttressesin the shield tunnel according to the diameter of the shield tunnel, the diameter of the pipeline and the number of the pipelines; calculating the linear meter bottoming concrete bearing capacity ofthe shield tunnel according to the diameter of the shield tunnel, the diameter and self weight of the pipeline, the weight of a conveying medium, the arrangement of the pipeline and the thickness of the bottoming concrete; calculating the distance between the pipeline concrete buttresses; determining the distance between the pipeline buttresses by calculating and checking the pipeline stress; andcalculating the seismic force of the pipeline concrete buttress, and designing the structure of the pipeline concrete buttress according to the calculation result. The method has the beneficial effects that the anti-seismic structure design of the pipeline is determined through the method, so that the anti-seismic structure and measures are optimized and improved, the anti-seismic capacity of theoverhead pipeline system in the shield tunnel is improved, and the adverse effects of the anti-seismic and anti-floating measures of the pipeline on the tunnel main body structure are reduced.