The invention discloses a circulation air-based cooling device. The circulation air-based cooling device comprises a circulation fan, an internal heat sink and an external heat sink, wherein the circulation fan is arranged in an equipment box needed to be cooled and is used for generating circulation air in the equipment box and absorbing heat brought by the circulation air, the internal heat sinkis arranged in the equipment box, is connected with the circulation fan and is used for absorbing the heat of the circulation fan, and the external heat sink is arranged outside the equipment box, isconnected with the internal heat sink and is used for conducting heat absorbed by the internal heat sink to external air. With the cooling device disclosed by the invention, the heat in the equipmentbox can be rapidly conducted to the external air, the heat in the equipment box is effectively reduced, the situation that an electronic component generates a fault or is directly burnt due to overheat of the equipment box is prevented, so that the equipment maintenance cost is reduced.