The invention relates the technical field of automobile test and data analysis, and specifically discloses a car following state evaluation system and a car following state evaluation method orientedto natural driving data. The system comprises a data acquisition and calculation module, a car following mode judging module and a car following state evaluation module, the data acquisition and calculation module is used for acquiring data of a vehicle terminal and calculation an evaluation parameter; the car-following mode judging module is used for judging whether a car is in the car-followingmode according to the evaluation parameter; the car-following state evaluation module is used for judging the car-following state of the car according to the evaluation parameter; and the car-following state comprises five states of steady state following, accelerating to approach, slowing down to approach, safe following and avoiding collision. The car following state evaluation system and the car following state evaluation method oriented to natural driving data of the invention can solve problems of the existing car-following state evaluation system that the evaluation parameter is single,evaluation results are not accurate due to lack of consideration of situation of frequently changing speed in an urban road driving process and follow-up analysis and application is influenced.