The invention discloses a transparent display device, a manufacturing method and a driving method thereof and a temperature sensing window. The transparent display device comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, a first driving electrode layer and a third driving electrode layer are respectively arranged on the inner side surfaces of the first substrate andthe second substrate; wherein the liquid crystal is arranged between the first driving electrode layer and the third driving electrode layer, and the first thermoelectric induction layer, the secondthermoelectric induction layer and the conductive electrode are arranged on the outer surface of the first substrate and the outer surface of the second substrate respectively. According to the transparent display device, the first thermoelectric induction layer and the second thermoelectric induction layer are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate respectively, so that the light transmittance of liquid crystals can be automatically adjusted according to the temperature changes of the outer sides of the first substrate and the second substrate, andthe light transmittance of the transparent display device is adjusted.