The invention relates to a method for treating germanium-containing zinc leaching slag, and belongs to the field of comprehensive recovery of hydrometallurgy. The method comprises the following stepsthat 1) germanium-zinc concentrate is added into the germanium-containing zinc leaching slag, and then segment-strengthening leaching is carried out through an acid solution; 2) a segment leaching underflow is mixed with a waste electrolyte, and then segment-strengthening leaching is carried out; 3) germanium-containing zinc roasted sand or germanium-containing zinc oxide smoke dust is added intoa segment leachate to adjust the acidity, and liquid-solid separation is carried out to obtain a neutralization post liquid and neutralization slag; 4) iron powder and tannin are added into the neutralization post liquid, and solid separation is carried out after the reaction is completed to obtain germanium slag and germanium-precipitation post liquid; and 5) oxidation iron precipitation is carried out on the germanium-precipitation post liquid to obtain iron oxide red and an iron-precipitation post liquid. According to the method, efficient separation and enrichment and comprehensive recovery of valuable metals of germanium-containing materials are synchronously realized, the whole-process germanium recovery rate reaches 95% or above, the germanium recovery rate is improved by about 40%compared with that in the prior art, associated iron resources are converted into the iron oxide red which can be recycled, the technological process is simple, cleaning is efficient, and the comprehensive recovery rate of the valuable metals is high.