The invention discloses a high temperature-resistant insulating aramid honeycomb composite material. The composite material is a sandwich structure, and comprises an aramid honeycomb core layer, and an upper skin and a lower skin which are located at both surfaces of the aramid honeycomb core layer; and the upper skin and the lower skin are respectively formed by sequentially superposing and hot-pressing an epoxy glass fiber prepreg, an electrical aramid fiberboard and the epoxy glass fiber prepreg. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) cutting the epoxy glass fiber prepregfor preparing the outer sides of the skins, the electrical aramid fiberboard, the aramid honeycomb core and the epoxy glass fiber prepreg for preparing the inner sides of the skins according to the required size; (2) paving and arranging the obtained materials between the two steel sheets respectively coated with a demolding agent or a demolding film according to the thickness of the product to be pressed; and (3) placing the steel sheets in a hot press, carrying out hot-pressing molding, and performing cooling demolding to obtain the aramid honeycomb composite material. The aramid honeycombcomposite material has the advantages of light weight, high heat resistance and high insulating property.