The invention provides a virtual synchronous generator control method and control system with adaptive parameters, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation grid connection.The virtual synchronous generator control method includes the steps: deriving an analytical expression of one or more parameter indicators in the frequency-active step response relationship accordingto an active loop small signal model for the virtual synchronous generator; on the basis of the obtained analytical expression of the parameter indicators, inputting control parameters, and obtainingthe output values of a set of parameter indicators; sending the obtained output values of the parameter indicators to a parameter optimization link for optimization processing, and obtaining optimizedvalues of the set of parameter indicators; and based on the obtained optimized values of the parameter indicators, controlling the virtual synchronous generator. The virtual synchronous generator control method with adaptive parameters enables the inverter to provide effective frequency support for the power system according to the requirements for different frequency and active response characteristics, thus improving the grid-connected adaptability of the virtual synchronous generator control method, and being beneficial to security and stability of the grid in the case of large-scale of new energy sources connected to the grid.