The invention relates to the technical field of electric power maintenance, and provides an outdoor high voltage charged display locking device and a locking control method. The outdoor high voltage charged display locking device comprises a locking mechanism and a computer key. The locking mechanism is provided with a current detection socket, and when the computer key is inserted into the current detection socket, the charged state information of outdoor electrical equipment or circuit is obtained; when charged, the state of a grounding barrier gate is controlled to place to the locking state; when not charged, the state of the grounding barrier gate is controlled to place to the unlocked state; the computer key is used in pairs with the locking mechanism, when the computer key is inserted into the current detection socket, the locking mechanism begins to perform the action of charged state detection of the outdoor electrical equipment or the circuit, so that the forced locking of the barrier gate is realized through the forced electric detection before overhaul, and the hidden danger of safety caused by electrical misoperation is prevented; and meanwhile, the maintenance efficiency of the electrical equipment or the circuit is improved, and convenience is brought for maintenance personnel.