The invention discloses a multi-factor saline-alkali soil improvement method. The method is characterized by including steps: loosening the soil to ventilate by means of rotary plowing; arranging water supply and drainage channels around saline-alkali soil after soil loosening, digging multiple transverse furrows and multiple longitudinal furrows in an interlaced manner in the saline-alkali soil,fully filling the transverse furrows and the longitudinal furrows through the water supply channels, soaking, draining, and repeating for several times; uniformly spreading a layer of modified gypsumon the surface of the saline-alkali soil after washing; applying a soil directional conditioning agent; applying organic fertilizers; planting crops with high saline-alkali resistance in a planting soil layer; detecting soil parameters of the saline-alkali soil, and continuing improvement according to the soil parameters until the soil meets requirements. By the multi-factor saline-alkali soil improvement method, effective improvement aiming at soil in different regional plots can be realized, and improvement effects are improved by combination of various procedures and various improvement means.