The invention relates to the technical field of spinning, in particular to a carding machine with an efficient dust removal mechanism. The carding machine comprises a base and an isolation cover. Theisolation cover is fixed to the base. A cylinder and a doffer are arranged in the isolation cover. A groove with the T-shaped longitudinal section is formed in the portion, in the isolation cover, ofthe base. A filtering plate is arranged on the groove and fixedly provided with a first dust removal scraper with an isosceles triangle longitudinal section. The end, away from the filtering plate, ofthe first dust removal scraper makes contact with the surface of the cylinder. An electric telescopic rod is vertically fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the isolation cover. Under the common effect of an air blower and a dust collector, dust removal in the isolation cover can be more efficient and thorough, the quality of cotton materials can be improved, the contamination of the environment in a workshop can be effectively avoided, and the physical health of workers in the workshop is ensured.