The invention discloses a hexagonal beryllium assembly and aluminum assembly nuclear design reliability inspection reactor core and an adjusting method, the hexagonal beryllium assembly and aluminum assembly nuclear design reliability inspection reactor core comprises fuel assemblies, control rod assemblies, water grid elements, beryllium assemblies and aluminum assemblies, wherein each control rod assembly comprises a cylindrical control rod and an outer-hexagonal inner-circular guide pipe; each aluminum assembly is a hexagonal aluminum assembly, each beryllium assembly is a hexagonal beryllium assembly, the hexagonal beryllium assembly and aluminum assembly nuclear design reliability inspection reactor core is provided with total 265 positions, namely, 11 boxes of fuel assemblies, 12 control rod assemblies, 16 boxes of beryllium assemblies, 72 boxes of aluminum assemblies, and 154 water grid elements, the 11 boxes of fuel assemblies are centrally arranged in the central region of thereactor core with L12 as a center position, the 16 boxes of beryllium assemblies are arranged around the fuel assemblies, the 72 boxes of aluminum assemblies are arranged around the 16 boxes of beryllium assemblies, and the 12 control rod assemblies are arranged between the aluminum assemblies at intervals and around the beryllium assemblies. According to the hexagonal beryllium assembly and aluminum assembly nuclear design reliability inspection reactor core, requirements of nuclear design programs on calculation reliability of beryllium assemblies and aluminum assemblies of a hexagonal sleeve type fuel can be met.