The invention relates to a terminal power network topology hierarchical blackout event priority identification and reporting system, comprising a collection master station, a distribution transformermonitoring terminal, a first-level monitoring terminal, a second-level monitoring terminal and a meter box monitoring terminal. The distribution transformer monitoring terminal, the first-level monitoring terminal, the second-level monitoring terminal and the meter box monitoring terminal respectively comprise a control unit and a measuring chip, a power module and a LoRa chip arranged correspondingly to the control unit. A system and method for preferentially identifying and reporting the outage event at the topology level of the terminal power network is based on LoRa internet of things communication technology, When the power failure occurs in the terminal power network, the equipment layer allocates the channel bandwidth resources reasonably through the power failure event priority reporting method, and each terminal has the independent reporting ability, which can quickly inform the main station of the specific link of the fault occurrence, so as to achieve fast and efficient. Inorder to avoid invalid and useless random reporting by the terminals in a rush, the event priority reporting function of the invention reports the terminals at different levels at different time, andthe terminals at the same level avoid reporting randomly, reasonably distribute channel bandwidth resources, and improve the success rate of reporting.