The present application provides a pixel arrangement structure and a display device, comprising a plurality of repeating units repeatedly arranged in a transverse, longitudinal or oblique direction, the repeating units comprising a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, a third sub-pixel and a fourth sub-pixel independently of each other; Wherein the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, the thirdsub-pixel and the center point of the fourth sub-pixel in the same repeating unit form a quadrilateral; Four adjacent sub-pixels in an adjacent repeating unit form a shared pixel, the shared pixel comprising at most two sub-pixels belonging to the same repeating unit. The present application enhances the sensory resolution of a display device by using adjacent pixels sharing a portion of the sub-pixels, thereby enabling the display device to achieve a higher sensory resolution with the same sub-pixel arrangement density.