The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy application, and aims at providing a solar energy grading and qualitative utilization system based on heat collection type photo-thermal chemical recycling materials. The system comprises a photo-thermal chemical recycling reactor of a hollow tubular structure made from transparent quartz materials, the inlet end of the photo-thermal chemical recycling reactor is connected with a gas supply pipe of CO2 and H2O mixed gas, the bottom plane is provided with a TiO2-based film layer with a heat collection effect, a heat conductive cavitymade from stainless steel materials is of a hollow tubular structure, the top plane of the heat conductive cavity is in close fit with the bottom plane of the photo-thermal chemical recycling reactorto achieve heat conduction, and the inlet end of the photo-thermal chemical recycling reactor and the outlet end of the heat conductive cavity are located on the same side. By combining solar energy optical utilization and thermal utilization means, sunlight is utilized in a distinguishing mode according to different wavebands, and solar energy grading and qualitative utilization is achieved. Compared with the prior art, the solar spectrum energy utilization range is enlarged, the whole energy utilization efficiency is improved, the energy gradient utilization concept is embodied, and the energy utilization quality is improved.