The invention provides a method for detecting the smoke composition of a cigarette which is noncombustible under heating. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of an internal-standard solution; (2) preparation of a standard working solution; (3) smoking of the cigarette noncombustible under heating, and collection of total particulate matters via a Cambridge filter; (4) the extraction of the total particulate matters; (5) gas chromatographic determination; and (6) calculation of determination results by using a double-internal-standard method. The method established in theinvention utilizes a traditional cigarette smoking machine for smoking of the cigarette noncombustible under heating and capturing of the total particulate matters and does not need a special smokingmachine for the cigarette noncombustible under heating; the method realizes simultaneous analysis and detection of six target components in one experiment; the method utilizes double internal standards for quantitative determination, so quantification results are more accurate; sample smoking and the capturing and extraction of the total particle particulate matters are simple to operate; and thegas chromatographic determination is convenient and stable, and has the advantages of good linear correlation, good practicality, high sensitivity, good repeatability and the like.