The invention discloses a high-strength quick-solidifying plugging agent. The high-strength quick-solidifying plugging agent is technically characterized by being prepared from, by weight, 30-50 partsof sulphate aluminum cement, 1-2 parts of polyacrylamide, 6-15 parts of hemihydrate gypsum, 26-30 parts of filler, 0.5-1 part of nonionic surface active agent and 0.5-1 part of sodium silicofluoride.The high-strength quick-solidifying plugging agent has the advantages that a high-strength solid is formed after mixture solidification, and impact resistance of a plugging layer is improved; after mixture solidification, the high-hardness solid is formed, and the abrasion resistance of the plugging layer is improved. Lithium salt and quick lime low in heat producing capability serve as auxiliaries in the mixture solidification process, so that the formed material is more dense, and the permeation resistance of the plugging material is improved. The prepared plugging material overcomes the cracking problem of a plugging material made from quick lime, the cost of the hemihydrate gypsum is far lower than that of the lithium salt, and the cost of the plugging material is remarkably reduced.