The invention discloses a rare earth recovering and carbon deposit waste water recovering process. The rare earth recovering and carbon deposit waste water recovering process comprises the steps thatafter bastnaesite is roasted, optimal leaching is carried out through hydrochloric acid, and optimal leaching residue and optimal leaching liquid are obtained; after the optimal leaching residue is subjected to alkaline transferring, water washing is carried out, and first water washing residue and first water washing liquid are obtained; the first water washing residue is washed multiple times, water washing residue and water washing liquid are obtained; the water washing residue is subjected to optimal dissolving through hydrochloric acid, optimal dissolving liquid and a cerium-enriched material are obtained; the optimal dissolving liquid and the optimal leaching liquid are combined to obtain a rare earth solution; the rare earth solution is subjected to extraction and carbon deposit, and carbon deposit supernatant and carbon sediment are obtained; the first water washing liquid of alkaline transferring residue and the carbon deposit supernatant are combined to recover rare earth fluoride; the carbon sediment is washed multiple times, and the carbon deposit waste water and rare earth carbonate are obtained; the first water washing residue is sequentially washed through the carbondeposit waste water; and the rare earth carbonate is roasted, and rare earth oxide is obtained. According to the process, the carbon deposit supernatant and the first water washing liquid react, rareearth ions are recovered, and sufficient utilizing of the rare earth resource is achieved; and the carbon deposit waste water is used for washing the alkaline transferring residue, the discharge amount of the waste water is reduced, environmental protection is facilitated, and resources and energy are saved.