The invention provides a connecting beam type assembled building structure, wherein the joint position of an upright post is arranged between floors, a sleeved steel pipe is arranged in the upright post, and the sleeved steel pipes of each layer are connected with each other; a upright post matching rib is arranged at the periphery of each sleeved steel pipe, concrete is poured in the inner part and the outer part of each sleeved steel pipe, the position of the end of the upright post is used in the hoisting process, and the ends of the sleeved steel pipe and the column matching rib is exposedout; at least one set of transvers or longitudinal shear walls is also arranged between the upright posts; the position of the middle part of the upright post is provided with a bracket support, andcross beams are arranged on the bracket supports between the upright posts; the cross beams are pre-stressed beams, the cross beams are connected through connecting tension wire ropes, and pre-stressed tensile holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of the upright post; the upright posts, the cross beams and the inner layers and the outer layers of the shear walls are of prefabricated members. According to the invention, the problem of poor compressive strength of the assembling structure can be solved, the problem of poor seismic performance of the cast-in-place concrete frame structure can be solved, and the influence on the construction straight line construction period is not large.