The invention relates to the technical field of stretchers, in particular to a dual-purpose stretcher for land and water. The stretcher has a conversion function of land and water advancing forms, conversion of two advancing forms in the land and water is realized by switching tires and propellers, during advancing in the land, the advancing form is realized through the tires making contact with the ground, the tires are closed when in water, a propeller thruster for small ships is popped up to continuously provide propeller advancing force for the stretcher in water, advancing of rescue workers in the water is facilitated, and use of labor of the rescue workers is reduced; the sun blocking and cold prevention functions on the injured can be realized, a sunshade shed is spread by hand-cranking an active driving plate and can shield sunlight or isolate outside cold air for people waiting for rescue on the stretcher, the sun blocking and cold prevention functions are realized, extra rescue care is provided for people requiring rescue, and the comfort of the injured in the rescue process is guaranteed; the stretcher has the folding function, can be folded by hand-cranking a geneva mechanism and is convenient to store through folding.