The invention discloses a resistive type space debris detection device. The resistive type space debris detection device comprises a detection casing, a first film group, a second film group and a piezoelectric effect detection layer, wherein the first film group and the second film group are identical in structure and are respectively composed of two layers of polymer films, parallel metal conductive wires at equal intervals are plated on each polymer film layer, the metal conductive wires between the adjacent film layers are perpendicular to each other, and the square grid closely-packed structure is formed. The invention further discloses a method utilizing the detection device to carry out space debris detection. The device is advantaged in that the structure is simple, control is convenient, and detection on the size, the speed, the direction and the mass of the space debris can be realized.