The invention discloses an air injection buffer fall preventing elevator. The air injection buffer fall preventing elevator comprises an elevator shaft and a box; elevator openings are formed in eachfloor of the elevator shaft; the box is positioned in the elevator shaft; a first stop plate and a second stop plate on the same height are mounted in the shaft wall of the elevator shaft; the box isprovided with a push-pull plate capable of being pushed and pulled relative to the box; a moving plate capable of moving relative to the shaft wall of the elevator shaft is arranged at the bottom of the elevator shaft; and an air injection piece with a nozzle towards the moving plate is arranged below the moving plate. When the box of the air injection buffer fall preventing elevator performs a free fall motion, the push-pull plate cooperates with the first stop plate and the second stop plate to provide buffer force to the box; the air injection piece with the nozzle towards the box is arranged at the bottom of the elevator shaft; and when the box performs the free fall motion, the air injection piece provides acting force opposite to the gravity to the box, so that the descending speed of the box is weakened to a certain degree, and casualties of persons in the box are reduced.