A shell inner evaporation shell pipe type single-spacing-board cold water evaporator comprises a shell, a front end cover, a front partition plate, a spacing board, a rear end cover, a rear partitionplate and a copper pipe; the shell is a cylindrical cast iron shell, and multiple segments of the shell are connected end to end, are connected together in series and are sealed; each segment of the shell is provided with a refrigerating agent inlet, a refrigerating agent outlet, an exhausting port and an oil discharging port, and a baffle is welded to the position, located in the corresponding segment of the shell, of each refrigerating agent outlet; the edges of a bottom shell and a pipe shell of the front end cover are provided with bolt holes; the two ends of the spacing board are welded to the end portions of the two corresponding segments of the shell correspondingly; a water cavity is formed between the rear end cover and the rear partition plate; and the copper pipe is in the shell. According to the shell inner evaporation shell pipe type single-spacing-board cold water evaporator, the shell is connected together in series, the occupied space can be reduced, and due to the baffles in the shell, a refrigerating agent cannot be directly discharged out of the refrigerating agent outlets during starting.