The invention provides a pneumatic launching canister structure used for providing an initial speed during launching of loitering munition. The pneumatic launching canister structure comprises a canister body, a piston, a flow-limiting orifice plate, a tying rope, gas generators, an inner bottom plate, a controller, an outer bottom plate and an adjustment lead screw, wherein two gas generators arearranged, and the controller is used for controlling a starting time interval of the two gas generators. The pneumatic launching canister structure provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the gas generators are started in succession and release high-pressure gas under the action of the controller after receiving starting signals, the high-pressure gas pushes the piston andthe loitering munition to carry out accelerated movement together through the flow-limiting orifice plate, when the piston moves to the edge of the canister body, the tying rope is tensioned, the piston is separated from the loitering munition under the tension of the tying rope, and rapidly decelerates and stays in a canister, and no overflow of the high-pressure gas is ensured, so that a soundless and lightless launching effect can be realized; in addition, the axial position of the inner bottom plate can be adjusted through the adjustment lead screw, the inside capacity of a launching cavity is changed, and then the effect of changing a launching speed is achieved; and a gas release speed can be controlled through changing the orifice diameter of the flow-limiting orifice plate, and then the effect of changing an overload during launching is achieved.