The invention belongs to the technical field of oil production, and particularly relates to a method for real-time acquisition of a working fluid level of a surface drive screw pump well. The method comprises the steps that first, well data is obtained, and active power of motor input of the surface drive screw pump well and relevant oil well parameters are collected; second, polish rod torque Mris obtained, and the polish rod torque is obtained by a motor of the ground drive screw pump well transmitting power through a reducing transmission device; third, torque M1 required for lifting fluidin a downhole screw pump is obtained; fourth, pump discharge pressure pout is acquired; and fifth, a value of the working fluid level of an oil well can be obtained according to a reusing formula. According to the method for real-time acquisition of the working fluid level of the surface drive screw pump well, the real-time monitoring of the working fluid level of the surface drive screw pump well can be achieved with high accuracy through the active power of the motor input of the surface drive screw pump well and the relevant oil well parameters which are measured on the ground, and the real-time working condition analysis, the intelligence and the informatization management level of the oil well can be improved; and the labor force, the material resources and the production managementcost are correspondingly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is saved.