The invention provides a platform plate construction support protection structure and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The technical problems that existing platform plate construction is serious in material waste and low in construction efficiency are solved. According to the technical scheme, the platform plate construction support protection structure comprises platform formworks which are arranged at least in two layers, a plurality of supporting rods and a plurality of protective covers, wherein each layer of platform formwork is located at the joint of corresponding upper and lower stairs and used for pouring platform plate concrete; the supporting rods are erected between the upper and lower layers of the platform formworks, and thetwo ends of each supporting rod abut against the surface of the upper layer of platform formwork and the surface of the lower layer of platform formwork respectively; the protective covers are arranged on the lower layer of platform formwork respectively, and the corresponding supporting rods are sleeved with the protective covers. The structure has the advantages that the method of additionally arranging the protective covers at the bottoms of the supporting rods of a formwork support replaces a traditional construction method, the work efficiency is improved, and manpower, materials and machines are saved.