The invention provides a solar straw smashing and returning-to-field machine. The machine comprises a solar generating assembly including a solar battery panel, a battery, a controller and the like, and components such as a motor, a flail knife, a machine frame, a press wheel, a machine hood and a guide plate, wherein the solar energy can be converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery through the controller to power the motor by the solar battery; when the solar straw smashing and returning-to-field machine is not in use, the solar generating assembly can supply electricity fordomestic lighting and other devices and can also input electricity into the power grid; and the motor is a direct current motor and is characterized in that the motor can be driven by 12V, 24V or 36Vdirect current power provided by the battery. The machine has the advantages that energy consumption is all from the solar energy so that the machine is clean and safe, when not in use, the machine can also supply electricity for other devices or input electricity into the power grid, and the machine can effectively solve the problem of energy shortage.