The invention discloses a shaft pulling method and a shaft installing method of an asymmetrical-stern ship stern portion cabin. The shaft pulling method comprises the steps that an outer plate of a ship is firstly holed, fasteners on a shaft system are dismounted, the shaft system is moved towards the stern portion of the ship in its axis direction for a first distance, shaft pulling is performedaccording to a set shaft pulling sequence, and the set shaft pulling sequence is that the shaft system is moved in the horizontal direction for a second distance, is upwards moved in the vertical direction for a third distance and is turned in the horizontal direction by a set angle in sequence, so that the axis of the shaft system corresponds to the center of a hole, and then the shaft system isdelivered out of the ship through the hole. Compared with the prior art, the shaft pulling method comprises simple steps, the shaft pulling speed is high, and the working difficulty and shaft system damage probability can be effectively reduced.