The invention discloses a running monitoring system for pneumatic conveying of domestic garbage. The running monitoring system comprises a pneumatic conveying pipeline, a draught fan is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of one side of the pneumatic conveying pipeline, and a monitoring hole is formed in the inner wall of the top of the pneumatic conveying pipeline; two symmetrically-arranged vertical plates are welded to the top of the pneumatic conveying pipeline, and the monitoring hole is located between the two vertical plates; and an arc-shaped plate is fixedly mounted on the top of each vertical plate, the sides, close to each other, of the two arc-shaped plates make contact, and a same rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in the two arc-shaped plates. The running monitoring system forpneumatic conveying of the domestic garbage has high practicability, through the arc-shaped plates and a sliding block, moving and fixing of a monitoring shell are facilitated, the monitoring shell can rotate in the moving process, and wind force monitoring is facilitated; and meanwhile, the monitoring error can be reduced through four wind force monitors, the monitoring accuracy is enhanced, andthrough a stop block and a ventilation hole, the wind monitors can be prevented from being damaged by debris in the monitoring process.