The invention provides a power system real-time balancing method considering large-scale wind power fluctuation characteristics. The power system real-time balancing method comprises the steps of: acquiring an ultra-short-term power load forecasting curve of a power system, an ultra-short-term power forecasting curve of a scheduled caliber wind power total output and operating data of various types of units in real time; calculating to obtain a net load power curve of the power system according to the ultra-short-term power load forecasting curve and the ultra-short-term power forecasting curve; calculating net load power fluctuations according to the net load power curve; analyzing safety constraint conditions of the various types of units in the power system according to the obtained operating data of the various types of units in the power system, and determining fast adjustment capabilities of the various types of units conforming to the safety constraint conditions; and matching the net load power fluctuations with the fast adjustment capabilities of the various types of units in the power system, so as to obtain an optimal power system real-time balancing scheme. The power system real-time balancing method provides the real-time balancing scheme for the scheduling operation of the power system, and ensures the safety operation of the power system and the optimal consumption of clean energy.